Thursday, January 26, 2017
.22 Magnum Mini Revolver Penetration Test
Thursday, May 5, 2011
Subsonic .22 Ammo
From "Tossing Rocks" by Jesse's Hunting and Outdoors:
"At a time when American shooters crane their collective necks to get a glimpse of the newest and particularly the fastest cartridges on the market I find myself suddenly taken by the idea of s-l-o-w. I’m referring to sub-sonic 22LR rounds and for the past few months they have positively fascinated me. For the longest time they seemed to me to be the ballistic equivalent of a slingshot, and why they seem to work so well was a mystery."
Read more
The author goes on to describe the performance of these rounds in a Marlin 880 and a Chinese JW-15. The subsonics didn't perform well for him in the Marlin's Micro-groove barrel. That is why I am happy to have my ancient pre-Microgroove Model 81. It shoots everything well, substantially better than my 39A Mountie with its Microgroove rifling; and its 24" barrel is noticeably quieter with subsonics than any of my shorter-barrelled .22s. And it stabilizes and shoots the 60 grain Aguila Sniper Subsonic well, which would make it a keeper even in the absence of all its other great qualities. So that old M81 has become my primary subsonic .22 rifle.
The subsonics have worked well for me on a variety of small game, too. I haven't noted any lack of killing power. My grandfather, along with many other hunters of his generation, usually hunted with .22 Shorts. He never found the .22 LR ammo to be necessary. These .22 LR subsonics have more killing power than a .22 Short, while not destroying as much meat as a hi-speed .22 LR. That is a good thing, because those small critters don't have much meat to begin with.
"At a time when American shooters crane their collective necks to get a glimpse of the newest and particularly the fastest cartridges on the market I find myself suddenly taken by the idea of s-l-o-w. I’m referring to sub-sonic 22LR rounds and for the past few months they have positively fascinated me. For the longest time they seemed to me to be the ballistic equivalent of a slingshot, and why they seem to work so well was a mystery."
Read more
The author goes on to describe the performance of these rounds in a Marlin 880 and a Chinese JW-15. The subsonics didn't perform well for him in the Marlin's Micro-groove barrel. That is why I am happy to have my ancient pre-Microgroove Model 81. It shoots everything well, substantially better than my 39A Mountie with its Microgroove rifling; and its 24" barrel is noticeably quieter with subsonics than any of my shorter-barrelled .22s. And it stabilizes and shoots the 60 grain Aguila Sniper Subsonic well, which would make it a keeper even in the absence of all its other great qualities. So that old M81 has become my primary subsonic .22 rifle.
Thursday, January 20, 2011
.22 Winchester Rimfire
.22 Winchester Rimfire
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| .22 Winchester Rimfire | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Rifle | |
| Place of origin |  USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Designed | 1890 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Bullet diameter | .224 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | .242 in (6.1 mm) | |
| Base diameter | .243 in (6.2 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | .295 in (7.5 mm) | |
| Case length | 0.96 in (24 mm) | |
| Overall length | 1.17 in (30 mm) | |
| Primer type | rimfire | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 45 gr (2.9 g) standard velocity | 1,050 ft/s (320 m/s) | 105 ft·lbf (142 J) |
| 45 gr (2.9 g) | 1,450 ft/s (440 m/s) | 210 ft·lbf (280 J) |
| 40 gr (2.6 g) hollowpoint (high velocity) | 1,440 ft/s (440 m/s) | 185 ft·lbf (251 J) |
| Source(s): Barnes & Amber 1972 | ||
Introduced in the Winchester M1890 slide rifle, it had a flat-nose slug, and is identical to the .22 Remington Special (which differed only in having a roundnosed slug).[1] It uses a flat-based, inside-lubricated bullet, which differs from the outside-lube slug of the .22 Short, Long, LR, and Extra Long rounds.[1]
When introduced, the .22WRF "was the first notable improvement in the killing power" over the .22LR,[2] and was able to kill cleaner at up to 75 yd (70 m). It is somewhat less accurate than the .22LR.[1] and is most suited to hunting small game, such as rabbits or prairie dogs.[2]
A variety of Winchester, Remington, and Stevens single-shots and repeater rifles were offered from 1890 onward, but new rifles are not made for this cartridge. .22 WRF ammunition is periodically offered by commercial makers for use in the old guns.[1] It can be fired in any rifle chambered for the more powerful .22 WMR.[1]
References
Sources
- Barnes, Frank C., ed. by John T. Amber. ".22 Winchester Rimfire", in Cartridges of the World, pp. 275 & 282-3. Northfield, IL: DBI Books, 1972. ISBN 0-695-80326-3.
.22 CB
.22 CB
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 A .22 CB cap, .22 short, and .22 Long Rifle | ||
| Type | rimfire, target | |
| Place of origin | USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Produced | 1888 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Parent case | .22 BB | |
| Bullet diameter | .222 in (5.6 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | .225 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Base diameter | .225 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | .271 in (6.9 mm) | |
| Rim thickness | .040 in (1.0 mm) | |
| Case length | .420 in (10.7 mm) | |
| Overall length | .520 in (13.2 mm) | |
| Primer type | Rimfire | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 29 gr (1.9 g) RN | 727 ft/s (222 m/s) | 33 ft·lbf (45 J) |
| 30 gr (1.9 g) RN | 725 ft/s (221 m/s) | 34 ft·lbf (46 J) |
| Source(s): Cartridges of the World, 11th Edition[1] | ||
The original .22 CB cartridge has the same case as the .22 BB, but there are now low-power .22 rounds sold as .22 CB Short and .22 CB Long which come in the more common .22 rimfire cartridge cases. The longer cases will allow the rounds to be fired in magazine fed firearms, in which the tiny CB Cap cases would jam. So while having the same length, the modern .22 CB Short and the .22 Short are two different cartridges. The CB has a reduced powder load and is kept (as mentioned above) between 350 and 700 ft/s, while the Short with an increased powder amount launches the same 29gr bullet around and above 1000 ft/s.
Specifications
- Case length:
- Cap: 0.284 in (7.2 mm)
- Short: 0.423 in (10.7 mm)
- Long: 0.595 in (15.1 mm)
- Bullet weight:
- typically 20 to 29 grains (1.30 to 1.88 g)
References
- ^ Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 490, 492
- ^ Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 p. 476
.22 BB
.22 BB
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| .22 BB | ||
|---|---|---|
| A .22 CB cap, .22 short, and .22 Long Rifle; the BB cap is the same length as the CB cap, but uses a round ball | ||
| Type | target | |
| Place of origin | USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Designer | Flobert | |
| Designed | 1845 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Parent case | tapered percussion cap | |
| Bullet diameter | .222 in (5.6 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | .224 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Base diameter | .224 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | .270 in (6.9 mm) | |
| Rim thickness | .040 in (1.0 mm) | |
| Case length | .284 in (7.2 mm) | |
| Overall length | .343 in (8.7 mm) | |
| Primer type | Rimfire | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 20 gr (1.3 g) rn | 780 ft/s (240 m/s) | 26 ft·lbf (35 J) |
| 18 gr (1.2 g) rn | 780 ft/s (240 m/s) | 24 ft·lbf (33 J) |
| 16 gr (1.0 g) rn | 750 ft/s (230 m/s) | 20 ft·lbf (27 J) |
| Source(s): Cartridges of the World [1] | ||
For the spherical air gun ammunition, see BB (ammunition).
.22 BB Cap (Bulleted Breech Cap) is a variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition. .22 BB cap and .22 CB refer to cartridges that are low velocity and project reduced noise. These rimfires closely resemble a .22 caliber air rifle in power and are often used for indoor shooting and close range pest control. Developed for indoor shooting galleries with special "gallery guns", the .22 BB Cap was the first rimfire cartridge, dating back to 1845. It has no separate propellant charge, relying on the impulse created by the primer alone to fire a round lead ball. This results in a low muzzle velocity of around 700 ft/s (210 m/s) or less. More common is the .22 CB ammunition, which fires a slightly heavier conical bullet and is available in a variety of cartridge lengths.Specifications
- Length:
- Case: 0.284 in (7.2 mm)
- Overall: .343 in (8.7 mm)
- Bullet weight: 18 gr (1.17 g)
References
- ^ Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 490, 492
.22 Extra Long
.22 Extra Long
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| .22 Extra Long | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Rifle | |
| Place of origin |  USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Produced | 1880?-1935 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Bullet diameter | .223 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | .225 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Base diameter | .225 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | .275 in (7.0 mm) | |
| Case length | .750 in (19.1 mm) | |
| Overall length | 1.16 in (29 mm) | |
| Primer type | rimfire | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 40 gr (2.6 g) (late smokeless) | 1,050 ft/s (320 m/s) | 98 ft·lbf (133 J) |
| Source(s): Barnes & Amber 1972 | ||
Introduced around 1880, the .22 Extra Long was used in Remington, Ballard, Wesson, Stevens, and later (1916) models of Winchester's M1903 and M1904 single shot bolt action rifles,[1] as well as in Smith & Wesson revolvers.[1]
Using the same 40 gr (2.6 g) outside-lubricated bullet later adapted for the very much more common .22 Long Rifle,[1] the Extra Long was loaded with 6 gr (389 mg) of black powder.[1] Originally, it slightly outperformed the .22LR, but was "not noted for great accuracy",[1] while later smokeless loads achieved about the same muzzle velocity as the .22LR.
As with the .22 Winchester Automatic[2] and .22 Remington Automatic,[3] the .22 Extra Long will not chamber correctly in .22 Long Rifle weapons.[1] Because it is very dimensionally-similar, however, the shorter .22 Short, .22 Long, and .22 LR will chamber in weapons designed for it[1] (in the same way .38 Special ammunition can be fired in .357 Magnum weapons, or .44 Special rounds in .44 Magnums).
The power of the .22 Extra Long is comparable to the standard velocity .22 Long Rifle,[1] which is very much more commonly chambered and sold.
The .22 Extra Long ceased to be offered commercially in 1935.[1]
References
Sources
- Barnes, Frank C., ed. by John T. Amber. ".22 Extra Long", in Cartridges of the World, pp. 274, 282, & 283. Northfield, IL: DBI Books, 1972. ISBN 0-695-80326-3.
.22 Long
.22 Long
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with the more common .22 Long Rifle.
| .22 Long | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Type | Rimfire | |
| Place of origin |  USA | |
| Production history | ||
| Produced | 1871 | |
| Specifications | ||
| Parent case | .22 Short | |
| Bullet diameter | .223 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Neck diameter | .224 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Base diameter | .225 in (5.7 mm) | |
| Rim diameter | .272 in (6.9 mm) | |
| Rim thickness | .042 in (1.1 mm) | |
| Case length | .595 in (15.1 mm) | |
| Overall length | .798 in (20.3 mm) | |
| Primer type | Rimfire | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 29 gr (1.9 g) RN | 1,038 ft/s (316 m/s) | 67 ft·lbf (91 J) |
| Source(s): Cartridges of the World [1] | ||
In 1887 the .22 Long case was combined with the heavier 40 grain (2.6 g) bullet of the .22 Extra Long of 1880 to produce the .22 Long Rifle giving a longer overall length, a higher muzzle energy and superior performance as a hunting and target round, rendering the .22 Long and .22 Extra Long obsolete. For a time there was a price difference between the .22 Long and .22 Long Rifle and the .22 Long held on with budget minded shooters until the price advantage finally disappeared. No new firearms are designed specifically to use .22 Long and the largest 3 producers of .22 Long ammunition ceased production (although it continues to be made by CCI, Aguila, and others). Many .22 Long Rifle guns will chamber and fire the shorter round, though the .22 Long generally does not generate sufficient energy to operate semi-automatic guns. The one prominent survivor of the .22 Long is the .22 CB Long, a long-cased version of the .22 CB.
While the original .22 Long loading used the same powder charge as the .22 Long Rifle, the .22 Long bullet was significantly lighter, and the combination did not result in higher velocities for the .22 Long when fired from a rifle. The large barrel volume to chamber volume ratio of a .22 rimfire rifle means that the powder gasses have expanded as far as they can well before the bullet reaches the muzzle of a normal length rifle barrel, and the light .22 Long bullet has less inertia than the .22 Long Rifle. This means that the .22 Long bullet (and to a lesser extent the .22 Long Rifle in most loadings) actually slows down significantly before it exits the barrel.
Since the .22 Long Rifle performs as well in a short handgun barrel as the .22 Long and outperforms it significantly in a long rifle barrel, the development of the .22 Long Rifle assured the .22 Long's path to obsolescence.
In a sense, though, descendants of the .22 Long still live on, though they are not sold as such. Modern Hypervelocity loadings of the .22 Long Rifle use bullets as light as 30 grains (1.9 g), and special blends of powder to make full use of a rifle barrel to generate velocities far higher than normal loads, and chamber pressures high enough to cycle semi-automatic firearms reliably. The most well known of these is the CCI Stinger, which actually goes so far as to stretch the case length slightly, so that with the short, light bullet, the overall length is still within the max overall length for the .22 Long Rifle.
Specifications
- Length:
- Case: 0.595 in (15.1 mm)
- Overall: 0.880 in (22.4 mm)
- Bullet weight: 29 gr (1.88 g)
References
- ^ a b Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 490, 492
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